Geochemistry

Hydrogeochemical studies

The research was started for the first time in 1979 at RSSC ANAS and continues until now. Geochemistry is a science that studies the formation of groundwater, its chemical, bacteriological, gas composition, distribution patterns, physical and chemical properties, interaction with atmospheric sediments and surface water, and its regime (monitoring).
The main purpose of hydrogeochemical monitoring is to investigate the impact of strong earthquakes that occurred on the territory of Azerbaijan, including the Caspian Sea and border zones with neighboring countries, on the fluidogeochemical fields of Azerbaijan. Year-round hydrogeochemical monitoring of macro and microelements of groundwater is carried out using a unified method in 13 observation facilities of Absheron, Shamakhi, Sheki, Siyazan and Khachmaz seismogenic zones (which differ according to the genesis of hydrogeochemical parameters and migration conditions).
Daily observations at geochemical stations include measuring the temperature and level of well and spring water, taking water samples for further analysis in laboratory conditions, and the acid-base properties of the environment (pH), oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), chlorine (Cl-), hydrogen carbonate in water samples. (HCO3-), carbonate (CO3-2), sulfate (SO4-2), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), ferritin (Fe2+) ions in water including the determination of dissolved radon gas (Rn) concentration, total hardness and degree of water mineralization.

3D graph of changes in water salinity before the earthquake